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OSHA Recordkeeping & Compliance Documentation: The Complete Employer Guide

Matt Reinhold, COO & Co-Founder at SoundtraceMatt ReinholdCOO & Co-Founder13 min readApril 1, 2026
OSHA Compliance·Recordkeeping·13 min read·Updated April 2026

OSHA’s hearing conservation recordkeeping requirements are among the most detailed in 29 CFR 1910.95 — and among the most commonly cited deficiencies during inspections. A hearing conservation program that exists only in practice but leaves no documented trail is a program that does not exist in any legally defensible sense. According to CDC/NIOSH, 22 million U.S. workers are exposed to hazardous noise annually — and across that population, compliant records are both a regulatory obligation and the primary evidence set in WC and enforcement proceedings.

Soundtrace is SOC 2 certified and HIPAA compliant, maintaining audiometric test records, calibration data, noise monitoring logs, and STS determinations with the security controls and 30-year retention the standard requires.

Emp+30
Years audiometric records must be retained under 29 CFR 1910.1020 — employment duration plus 30 additional years after separation
5
Record categories under 29 CFR 1910.95: noise monitoring, audiometric tests, 300 Log entries, HPD records, and training documentation
15 days
Maximum time to provide employee access to audiometric records upon written request under 29 CFR 1910.1020

Record Category 1: Noise Monitoring Records

When noise monitoring is conducted under 29 CFR 1910.95(d), OSHA requires specific retention:

  • What to retain: Equipment used, calibration records, measurement methodology, and TWA results for each monitored employee or area.
  • Retention period: At least 2 years under 29 CFR 1910.1020(d)(1)(ii).
  • Employee notification: Employees at or above 85 dBA TWA must be notified of monitoring results — this notification must be documented.
Calibration Records Are Part of the Chain

An audiogram challenged in WC litigation is only as reliable as the equipment calibration log behind it. If you cannot demonstrate the audiometer was calibrated per ANSI standards, an opposing expert will argue the audiogram is invalid. Calibration records must be retained alongside each audiogram series, not separately.

Record Category 2: Audiometric Test Records

Audiometric testing records carry the longest retention obligation in the standard:

  • What to retain: Pure-tone thresholds at 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 6000 Hz; audiometer calibration records; background sound levels verified against ANSI S3.1-1999 MPANLs; name of the test administrator.
  • Retention period: Duration of employment plus 30 years under 29 CFR 1910.1020.
  • STS documentation: Determination, follow-up testing, audiologist/physician review, and any corrective actions must all be documented.
  • Baseline revision: If the annual audiogram is substituted as the new baseline, the revision and its basis must be noted in the record.
OSHA Audiometric Record Retention: Employment + 30 YearsActive Employment+30 Years After SeparationSeparationRecords must be accessible to employee and former employee this entire periodWorker hired at 25, separated at 55: audiometric records must be retained until the worker is 85.Paper files and on-premise servers cannot reliably satisfy this window. Cloud retention with access logging is the practical standard.

Record Category 3: OSHA 300 Log — When Hearing Loss Is Recordable

Work-related hearing loss must be entered on the OSHA 300 Log when it meets the threshold under 29 CFR 1904.10:

  • Recordability trigger: A work-related STS (average 10 dB or more shift at 2000, 3000, and 4000 Hz) plus a total hearing level of 25 dB or more HL at those frequencies in the affected ear.
  • Age correction: Employers may apply age correction using Table F-1 from Appendix F of 29 CFR 1904.10. An age-corrected STS below the recordability threshold does not require a 300 Log entry.
  • Work-relatedness determination: A physician or licensed health care professional must determine whether the hearing loss is work-related before the 300 Log entry is required.
  • Retention: OSHA 300 Logs and 300A summaries must be retained for 5 years after the end of the calendar year they cover.
STS vs. Recordable: Two Different Triggers

Not every STS triggers a 300 Log entry. An STS triggers mandatory follow-up (retest option, HPD review, worker notification within 21 days). A recordable hearing loss requires an STS plus the 25 dB HL threshold plus a physician work-relatedness determination. These are sequential obligations, not identical ones.

Record Category 4: HPD Selection and Fit Testing Records

29 CFR 1910.95(i) requires employees be offered a variety of hearing protection options. Documentation obligations include records of HPD options provided, the basis for selection (attenuation adequacy for the exposure level), fit testing records when REAT-based testing is conducted, and refitting/retraining records when follow-up audiometry indicates the HCP is not adequately controlling exposure.

Record Category 5: Training Records

Annual training under 29 CFR 1910.95(k) must be documented with the date, attendee names, content covered (noise effects, HPD purpose and use, audiometry purpose and procedures), and the trainer’s name and qualifications.

Employee Access Rights

29 CFR 1910.1020 gives employees, former employees, and their designated representatives the right to access exposure and medical records, including audiometric test records. Employers must provide access within 15 working days of a request, provide copies at no cost, and inform employees of their access rights at hire and at least annually thereafter.

Record Transfer Obligations

Under 29 CFR 1910.1020(h), when a business ceases operations, audiometric records must be transferred to the successor employer. If there is no successor, NIOSH must be notified at least 3 months before disposal and records must be offered to NIOSH.


Frequently Asked Questions

How long must employers retain audiometric test records under OSHA?
29 CFR 1910.1020 requires audiometric test records be retained for the duration of employment plus 30 years. For a worker employed for 20 years, total retention is 50 years.
When is a work-related hearing loss recordable on the OSHA 300 Log?
Under 29 CFR 1904.10, a work-related hearing loss is recordable when there is a Standard Threshold Shift (average 10 dB shift at 2000, 3000, and 4000 Hz) and total hearing level of 25 dB or more HL at those frequencies, as determined by a physician or licensed health care professional.
Do employees have the right to access their audiometric records?
Yes. Under 29 CFR 1910.1020, employees and former employees have the right to access their audiometric test records and exposure records. Employers must provide access within 15 working days of a request at no cost.
What happens to OSHA audiometric records when a company closes?
Under 29 CFR 1910.1020(h), records transfer to the successor employer. If no successor exists, NIOSH must be notified at least 3 months before disposal and records must be offered to NIOSH.

Recordkeeping That Holds Up Under OSHA Scrutiny and WC Discovery

Soundtrace maintains audiometric records, calibration logs, noise monitoring data, STS determinations, and HPD fit testing documentation in a SOC 2 certified, HIPAA compliant platform — timestamped, access-logged, and retained for the full employment-plus-30-year window.

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Matt Reinhold, COO & Co-Founder at Soundtrace

Matt Reinhold

COO & Co-Founder, Soundtrace

Matt Reinhold is the COO and Co-Founder of Soundtrace, where he drives strategy and operations to modernize occupational hearing conservation. With deep expertise in workplace safety technology, Matt stays at the forefront of regulatory developments, audiometric testing innovation, and noise exposure management — helping employers build smarter, more compliant hearing conservation programs.

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